The U.S. helicopter sightseeing industry has seen its fair share of crashes and fatalities over the years, raising concerns among travel advisors and their clients. The recent crash involving a Robinson 44 helicopter operated by Ali’I Kauai Air Tours and Charters on the northern Napali coastline of Kauai serves as a grim reminder of the risks involved in such activities. The crash, which resulted in the tragic deaths of the pilot and two passengers, was reportedly caused by strong gusting easterly winds, as per the preliminary National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation report.
Regulations and Statistics
Statistics from NTSB records indicate that the Ali’I Kauai crash was the 246th commercial U.S. helicopter sightseeing crash since 1983, with a total of 188 deaths and 115 serious injuries. Hawaiian operations alone contributed to 60 of these deaths, while 43 occurred in Arizona, notably during Grand Canyon tours. These figures are alarming when compared to the safety record of commercial airline travel in the U.S., which hasn’t witnessed a fatal crash since 2009. This stark contrast has prompted lawmakers to take action, as evidenced by the 2024 FAA Reauthorization Act, which mandates stricter regulations for doors-off operations within the next three years.
Despite the risks, the majority of helicopter tour operations operate without incident. However, ensuring the safety of passengers remains a top priority. Independent safety consultant Keith Cianfrani emphasizes the importance of selecting operators that adhere to recognized safety organizations such as the Tour Operators Program of Safety (TOPS), the International Standard of Business Aircraft Operations (IS-BAO), and the Vertical Association International (VAI). These bodies conduct rigorous audits of operations, maintenance records, pilot experience, and overall safety culture to minimize risks.
Booking Considerations
Travel advisors and passengers booking helicopter tours should prioritize operators that hold certifications from reputable safety organizations. It is recommended to choose operators frequently used by cruise lines and large hotels, as they tend to work with well-established companies with TOPS certification. Additionally, auditing processes conducted by experts like Cianfrani cover a wide range of factors, including operational procedures, maintenance practices, and pilot qualifications. Attention to detail, such as ensuring passengers do not wear hats that may be blown off during flights, underscores the commitment to passenger safety.
Aviation litigation specialist Ladd Sanger advises against open-door tours, citing regulatory loopholes that prioritize professional aerial photography over passenger safety. He also highlights the importance of knowing the regulatory authority under which a company operates, with Part 135 air charter certification signifying higher safety standards compared to Part 91-147 authorization. Sanger further advises against operations involving piston helicopters, like the Robinson 44, which are considered less powerful and more prone to accidents than turbine-powered counterparts.
While the U.S. helicopter sightseeing industry has made strides in improving safety standards, there are still areas that require attention to ensure the well-being of passengers. By prioritizing operators with stringent safety certifications and adhering to expert recommendations, travelers can minimize the risks associated with helicopter tours and enjoy a safe and memorable experience.